Deadlocking latch construction



g- 1964 R. w. SCHMID ETAL 3,144,266

DEADLOCKING LATCH CONSTRUCTION Filed June 9, 1961 I 2 Sheets-Sheet lINVENTORS RAY/Volvo M \SCHMID BY IPHYMOND WELLS "Aug. 11, 1964 R. w.SCHMID ETAL DEADLOCKING LATCHCONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed June 9,1961 VINVENTORS Arroqws) 3,144,266 DEADLOCKHNG LATCH CONSTRUCTTONRaymond W. Schmid, Havertown, and Raymond Wells,

Norristown, Pa, assignors, by mesne assignments, to

Yale and Towns, Inc, New York, N.Y., a company of Ohio Filed June 9,1961, Ser. No. 115,994 Claims. (Cl. 292-169) This invention relates todeadlocking latch bolts for tubular locks.

It will be appreciated that the latch bolts of the particular kind areequipped with mechanism having several parts for controlling thedeadlocking operation. Thus, there is present a dog of some descriptionfor deadlocking the bolt, and a part that is effective when the dooropens to hold the dog in release position. There is also a part whosefunction is to allow the bolt to be retracted in a normal way when thebolt is engaged with a strike in the closed position of the door.

Those parts, together with the necessary latch tube, springs andpossibly further parts, are designed while taking into consideration thethrow of the latch bolt, or in other words, the distance the bolt movesbetween its fully retracted and projected positions. Moreover, differentlocks may require different throws of latch bolt. Heretofore, that hasadded to the cost of the locks, because it then was necessary tomanufacture an entirely different set of parts for each correspondingthrow of the deadlocking bolt mechanism. Our invention relatesparticularly to a novel deadlocking bolt mechanism having parts that arestandardized to a large extent, so that many of the same parts can beused whether the bolt has one throw or another, and reducing the cost ofthe locks.

The form of our invention that we prefer and that we show in thisapplication utilizes a construction much like that shown in the patentto Golden et al., No. 2,768,014. Thus, there is a trigger bolt that willbe depressed by a strike, and that has a tail controlling a deadlockingdog through cam action. In the novel concept of our invention, weutilize cams that are formed in different longitudinal positions on thetrigger bolt tail. Each of those cams is designed while taking intoconsideration a different throw of the latch bolt. Then, by assemblingthe bolt mechanism in one way or another, the trigger bolt and dog willhave that relation which is necessary to operate the dog in the properway when the latch bolt is designed for a particular throw.

Thus, as an important feature of our invention, we equip a latch boltmechanism of the class described with a control part that can be used toapply a predetermined control to a deadlocking dog whether the part hasone movement or another, due to different throws of the latch bolt. Moreparticularly, we form the control part with cams designed each to effectthe proper movement of the deadlocking dog when the latch bolt has adifferent throw, and each made effective through the assembly of the dogand the control part in a particular relation to each other. As afurther part of our invention we utilize novel means for mounting thedeadlocking dog for coaction with the control part.

We have thus outlined rather broadly the more important features of ourinvention in order that the detailed description thereof that followsmay be better understood, and in order that out contribution to the artmay be better appreciated. There are, of course, additional features ofour invention that will be described hereinafter and which will form thesubject of the claims appended hereto. Those skilled in the art willappreciate that the conception on which our disclosure is based mayreadily be utilized as a basis for the designing of other structures forcarrying out the several purposes of our invention.

3,l4.4,255 Patented Aug. 11, 1964 ice It is important, therefore, thatthe claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions as donot depart from the spirit and scope of our invention, in order toprevent the appropriation of our invention by those skilled in the art.

In the drawings,

FIG. 1 shows a vertical section of a latch bolt mechanism utilizing ourinvention;

FIG. 2 is a horizontal section showing the construction of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 illustrates how our invention will be used when the latch bolt isdesigned for a longer throw;

FIG. 4 shows a rear end view of the construction shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 shows a side view of a portion of the latch tube;

FIG. 6 shows a perspective view of parts of our invention.

To illustrate the novel concept of our invention, we show in FIGS. 1 and2 a bolt mechanism 10 having a construction quite similar to that shownin the patent to Golden et al., to which we already have alluded. Weshall describe our invention fully, but it will be well to indicatefirst that the bolt mechanism 10, once assembled, will operate like thatin the patent. Thus, there is a latch bolt 11 that slides betweenprojected and retracted positions relatively to the latch tube 12, andthat is equipped with a tail 13. Latch bolt 11 is pressed towardprojected position by a pair of coil springs 14, 15, FIG. 2, and will beretracted by a bolt retractor 16 that is engaged with a rear end portion17 on the tail 13. A spring-pressed dog 18 is adapted to move behind ashoulder 19 on the latch bolt tail 13 to deadlock latch bolt 11 inprojected position. To control the deadlocking, there are a trigger bolt20 and a trigger release 21. When in a projected position, trigger bolt20 will hold the dog 18 in release position so that latch bolt 11 can bedepressed through engagement with a strike as the door closes. Triggerrelease 21 will be actuated by the bolt retractor 16, and will beeffective to move the deadlocking dog 18 to release position so that theretractor can retract latch bolt 11, all as described in the Golden etal. patent.

We shall now describe the bolt mechanism 10 in more particular detail,in order to explain the novel contribution of our invention. The latchbolt 11 has on one side a pair of lugs 22, FIGS. 1 and 2, that moveagainst a part of a front plate 23 on latch tube 12 so as to determinethe projected position of the latch bolt. The throw for which theparticular latch bolt 11 is designed will be the distance through whichthat bolt moves between its projected position and retracted position,as will be understood. The trigger bolt 20 has a transverse portion 24that may be held by one bolt spring 15 against a rear surface of latchbolt 11. The trigger 'bolt 20 then will move with the latch bolt 11,while the front ends of both bolts are approxi mately in alignedrelation to each other. Naturally, the bolts do not always movetogether, since trigger bolt 20 may be held depressed by a strike whilethe bolt spring 14 projects latch bolt 11 to coact with the strike.However, we do call attention to the fact that operation of the triggerbolt 20 will be referred to a position that is determined by the throwof the particular latch bolt 11.

In our invention, we equip the trigger bolt 20 with a tail 25 having apair of cams 26, 27 well shown in FIG. 1, that are formed in differentlongitudinal positions relatively to trigger bolt 20. Cam 25 is formedin a particular position on the upper edge of trigger bolt tail 25,while cam 27 is positioned somewhat farther toward the rear on the loweredge of tail 25. In FIG. 1, we show the deadlocking dog 18 mounted in aposition above the trigger bolt tail 25 so as to coact with the cam 26.That mounting of the dog 18 will be understood when referring to FIGS. 4and 6 along with FIG. 1.

Thus, a dog 18 has a relatively wide rear end portion 28 that is formedon its opposed edges with trunnions 29. A pair of openings 30 are formedin angular relation to each other on an upper part of latch tube 12, thetrunnions 29 being assembled in those openings through a movement of thedog 18 in an upward direction in latch tube 12. A lower part of the tube12 has a pair of openings 31 that are like the openings 30, and to whichwe shall refer again.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 4 and 6, a curved wire spring 32 is assembled inlatch tube 12 with a medial portion of the spring engaged behind a lug33 on the lower part of the tube. Spring 32 has angular end portions 34that are held in a notch 35 in the end portions 28 of dog 18, and thatare arranged to press the portion 28 in an upward direction. Thereby thespring 32 holds dog 18 assembled with its trunnions 29 engaged withsurfaces of the openings 30, while the spring pressure also tends torotate dog 30 to deadlocking position, or in other words, toward theshoulder 19 on latch bolt tail 13.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the trigger release 21 is quite like thatshown in the Golden et al. patent, being formed with a cam surface 36for coacting with deadlocking dog 18, and a rear end portion 37 that isengaged by bolt retractor 16. For guiding the trigger release 21, thelatch bolt tail 13 has a finger 38a that is bent to extend under thelower edge of trigger release 21. Those persons skilled in the art willunderstand that bolt retractor 16, when moving to retract the latchbolt, will also move trigger release 21 to place the dog 18 in releaseposition, if it is not already in that position.

We equip the latch tube 12 with a rear end wall 38 that is formed bybending an integral part of the tube. End wall 38 supports conventionalrivets 39, FIG. 2, that guide the bolt springs 14, 15. Also, wall 38 hasan opening 40, FIG. 4, in which slide the bolt tails 13 and 25 andtrigger release 21. The usual angular lugs 41 are formed on end wall 38to interlock with a casing 42 on which bolt retractor 16 slides. As willbe appreciated when considering FIGS. 1 and 2, the end wall 33 isactually arranged at the end of latch tube 12, with dog 18 and spring 32positioned forwardly of that wall and entirely within the tube. Theparticular arrangement makes it possible to utilize the bolt mechanism10 with a bolt retractor 16 that moves very close to the end wall 38, asshown in FIG. 1.

Thus far we have referred to the construction that is shown in FIG. 1,and we shall now refer to FIG. 3 in order to explain how standardizedparts of our construction may be used for a different lock. In FIG. 3,we show a bolt mechanism 110 in which a latch bolt 111 has a longerthrow than does the latch bolt 11 in FIG. 1, latch bolt 111 actuallydiffering somewhat from bolt 11 and having lugs 122 that allow bolt 111to move farther forward when projected. That mechanism 110 naturallywill be used with a bolt retractor 116 that moves a greater distancethan does the retractor 16. It will be remembered from the descriptionwe have already made that the movements of the trigger bolt will bereferred to the projected position of the latch bolt, yet we use withthe latch bolt 111 the same trigger bolt 29 that was used in assemblingthe construction of FIG. 1. Moreover, we use the same deadlocking dog 18and spring 32. To do that, we assemble the dog 18 below the trigger bolttail 25, with the trunnions 29 engaged in the lower pair of openings 31on the latch tube 12. Then, we assemble spring 32 with its medialportion behind a lug 330: on the upper part of latch tube 12. Dog 18then will coact with the cam 27 on the lower edge of trigger bolt tail25. Since in FIG. 3 the latchbolt 111 and trigger bolt 20 are fartherprojected, cam 27 now will effect the proper operation of deadlockingdog 18.

To coact with the deadlocking dog 18 in FIG. 3, the tail 113 onlatchbolt 111 has a shoulder 119 that is positioned slightly farthertoward the rear as compared to the shoulder 19 in FIG. 1. The guidefinger 138a naturally will be positioned to coact with the upper edge oftrigger release 121. Also, in FIG. 3 we have chosen to show latch bolt113 formed with a rear end portion 117 that is relatively long. Thatenables the latchbolt 111 to be used with locks in which the boltretractor 116 operates in a position that is farther from the rear endof latch tube 12. We then use a trigger release 121 that is longer thanthe trigger release 21.

Further, in FIG. 3, the latch tube 12 and front plate 23 as well as thedog 18, trigger bolt 29, and spring 32, are the same parts that are usedin assembling the construction of FIG. 1.

We believe that it will now be clear that our invention enables us tomanufacture deadlocking bolt mechanisms that have differentspecifications and that are adapted to be used with different locks,while using parts that are standardized to a large extent. Thus, throughthe concept of our invention we need design merely one latch tube, onetrigger bolt, one deadlocking dog, and one deadlocking spring, forassembly in different deadlocking mechanisms that can be used with locksrequiring a different throw of the latch bolt. Thereby, it is possibleto reduce very considerably the cost of manufacturing the latch bolts.We believe, therefore, that the very considerable value of our inventionwill be understood and that the merits of our invention will be fullyappreciated by those skilled in the art.

We now claim:

1. In a lock of the class described having a latchbolt moving betweenprojected and retracted positions relatively to a latch tube, and a dogmovable in said tube for deadlocking said bolt against movement toretracted position, a longitudinally movable control part forcontrolling said deadlocking dog, said control part moving relatively toa position that is predetermined by the design of the lock for aparticular amount of latchbolt throw between retracted and projectedpositions, dog coacting surfaces having like shape formed in differentlongitudinal positions on said control part, and means for mounting thedeadlocking dog in the latch tube in alternate positions to coact withone of said surfaces so that the same control part may be used tocontrol the dog whether the latch bolt is designed for one throw oranother.

2. In a lock of the class described having a latchbolt moving betweenprojected and retracted positions relatively to a latch tube and a dogmovable in said tube for deadlocking the bolt against movement toretracted position, a trigger bolt movable longitudinally and having atail for controlling said deadocking dog, said trigger bolt movingrelatively to a position that is predetermined by the design of the lockfor a particular amount of latchbolt throw between retracted andprojected positions, like cams formed in different longitudinalpositions on said trigger bolt tail and adapted each for coaction withthe deadlocking dog, and means for assembling said dog in said latchtube in positions to coact selectively with one of the trigger boltcams, so that the same tirigger bolt may be assembled in the tube tocontrol the dog whether the latchbolt is designed for one throw oranother.

3. In a lock of the class described having a latchbolt moving betweenprojected and retracted positions relatively to a latch tube, and a dogmovable in said tube for deadlocking the bolt against movement toretracted position, a trigger bolt movable longitudinally and having atail for controlling said deadlocking dog, said trigger bolt movingrelatively to a position that is predetermined by the design of thelatchbolt for a particular amount of throw between retracted andprojected positions, a pair of cams formed in different longitudinalpositions on upper and lower sides of said trigger bolt tail and adaptedeach for coaction with the deadlocking dog, and means for assemblingsaid dog in positions selectively above or below the trigger bolt tailin the latch tube, whereby one of said cams may control said dog and thesame trigger bolt may be assembled in the tube to control the dog 5whether the latchbolt is designed for one throw or another.

4. In a lock of the class described, a dog for deadlocking a latchbolt,a trigger bolt for controlling the position of the deadlocking dog, saidtrigger bolt including a head and a tail extending longitudinally fromsaid head, a pair of cams formed each in a different longitudinalposition on the tail of the trigger bolt, and a surface on each of thecams on the trigger bolt tail for coacting with the deadlocking dog whenthe dog and trigger bolt are in a particular relation to one another.

5. In a lock of the class described having a longitudinally movinglatchbolt, a dog for locking said latchbolt, and a longitudinallymovable trigger bolt, said trigger bolt including a tail for controllingthe locking dog, the improvement that comprises a pair of cams formed indifferent longitudinal positions on the tail of the trigger bolt, and asurface on each of said cams for coacting with the locking dog, each ofsaid cam surfaces enabling the trigger bolt to control the dog when saidbolt and dog are in a particular relation to one another.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS601,371 Czeiler Mar. 29, 1898 1,876,081 Schlage Sept. 6, 1932 2,768,014Golden et al. Oct. 23, 1956

4. IN A LOCK OF THE CLASS DESCRIBED, A DOG FOR DEADLOCKING A LATCHBOLT,A TRIGGER BOLT FOR CONTROLLING THE POSITION OF THE DEADLOCKING DOG, SAIDTRIGGER BOLT INCLUDING A HEAD AND A TAIL EXTENDING LONGITUDINALLY FROMSAID HEAD, A PAIR OF CAMS FORMED EACH IN A DIFFERENT LONGITUDINALPOSITION ON THE TAIL OF THE TRIGGER BOLT, AND A SURFACE ON EACH OF THECAMS ON THE TRIGGER BOLT TAIL FOR COACTING WITH THE DEADLOCKING DOG WHENTHE DOG AND TRIGGER BOLT ARE IN A PARTICULAR RELATION TO ONE ANOTHER.